How is a Spanish authorised representative actually appointed?

By a digital representative certificate, or by a power of attorney in the REA. MITECO's note of 13 August 2026 names both. The certificate is issued for your company's Spanish NIF (by the FNMT or another accepted provider) and names the person acting as representative, who must hold a Spanish NIF or NIE. The power of attorney is registered in the Registro Electrónico de Apoderamientos; MITECO recommends type C, for four procedures: registration (1523222), deregistration (1523221), annual declaration (2962548) and simplified annual declaration (2945277). The representative can start the power itself; you then accept it online, or a notarial power is attached and checked by the State's lawyers, which MITECO says is slower. Whoever is named holds the role of authorised representative. MMITECO+1